1/3 The Wittgenstein's ruler 📏 concept on circular ⭕validation connects neatly to the risks of LLM hallucinations. 

2/3 The Wittgenstein's ruler: “Unless you have confidence in the ruler’s reliability, if you use a ruler to measure a table you may also be using the table to measure the ruler.”

3/3 The model output cannot itself prove the model's competence, just as an imperfect ruler cannot be verified by using it to measure something.

Wittgenstein's Ruler cum LLM Hallucinations.